Woods NEVER to burn.

SOURCE

In a survival situation, never burn treated, painted, or glued woods (pallets, fencing, or MDF); driftwood; or poisonous UK trees (like yew or laburnum). Burning these releases toxic fumes, including arsenic, dioxins, and cyanide, which can be fatal in an enclosed space or when inhaled. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

Avoid specific types of wood and materials that pose severe health or safety risks: [1]

 

1. Toxic & Poisonous Woods

 

  • Yew: Highly toxic. The smoke can be deadly, and inhaling it causes severe respiratory issues.
  • Laburnum: All parts of this tree are extremely poisonous. Burning it releases highly toxic smoke.
  • Oleander: Even a tiny amount of smoke from this shrub can cause severe poisoning. [1, 2, 3]

 

 

2. Contaminated & Man-Made Woods

 

  • Treated or Painted Wood: Includes fence panels, decking, and old furniture. The preservatives and paints release toxic heavy metals like copper and arsenic.
  • Plywood, MDF, and chipboard: Bonded with synthetic resins and glues. When burnt, these release toxic gases, including formaldehyde.
  • Old Pallets: Pallets are often treated with toxic methyl bromide or fungicides (look for the "MB" stamp). [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

 

 

3. Coastal & Problematic Woods

 

  • Driftwood: Ocean driftwood absorbs salt and sea minerals. When burnt, it releases chlorine gas and cancer-causing dioxins. [1, 2, 3]
  • Rotten / Mouldy Wood: Highly damp and spongy, it creates thick, choking smoke and can release dangerous fungal spores that cause lung infections. [1, 2, 3, 4]
  • Green / Live Wood: Freshly cut branches contain high moisture levels. It won’t keep you warm, as the fire’s energy is wasted boiling the water, resulting in blinding smoke and creosote. [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]

 

 

What to Look For Instead (UK Safe Woods)

For warmth or cooking, opt for dry, dead branches still attached to the tree (standing deadwood). Good UK options include the following: [1, 2]

 

  • Ash: The gold standard; burns hot even when unseasoned.
  • Oak: Excellent, long-lasting heat.
  • Birch: Great for kindling and lighting a fire quickly. [1, 2, 3]